Avr-gcc

How to setup avr-gcc and get compiling for an Arduino!

$ yum install avr-gcc avr-libc avr-binutils avrdude

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avrdude

For ATMega168:

$ avrdude -c buspirate -P /dev/ttyUSB1 -x speed=3 -p m168

For ATMega328p:

$ avrdude -c buspirate -P /dev/ttyUSB1 -x speed=3 -p m328p

Terminal mode: -t. Use command part to see detailed part information.
To upload file: -U memtype:op:filename[:format]

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makefile

Simple makefile: (just produces the .elf and .hex file)

all:
        avr-gcc avr.c -mmcu=atmega168 -o example.elf -Wall
        avr-objcopy -j .text -O ihex example.elf example.hex
        avrdude -c buspirate -P /dev/ttyUSB1 -x speed=3 -p m168 -U flash:w:example.hex

Complex makefile: (produces .o, .asm, .map and .lst files too)

all:
        avr-gcc -g -mmcu=atmega168 -c avr.c -Wa,-alh,-L -o avr.o > avr.asm
        avr-gcc -g -mmcu=atmega168 -Wl,-Map,example.map -o example.elf example.o
        avr-objdump -h -S example.elf > example.lst
        avr-objcopy -j .text -j .data -O ihex example.elf example.hex
        avrdude -c buspirate -P /dev/ttyUSB1 -x speed=3 -p m168 -U flash:w:example.hex

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Other commands

avr-size example.elf

Resources:
http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping168
https://www.mainframe.cx/~ckuethe/avr-c-tutorial/
http://hintshop.ludvig.co.nz/show/buspirate-avr-programming/
http://itp.nyu.edu/physcomp/uploads/6pinAVRproghead.jpg
http://dangerousprototypes.com/bus-pirate-manual/